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Pathology

Image: Metastasis requires the presence of three cells in direct contact on a blood vessel wall: a tumor cell that produces the protein MENA; a perivascular macrophage (cells that guide tumor cells to blood vessels); and a blood-vessel endothelial cell. The presence of three such cells in contact with each other is called a tumor microenvironment of metastasis, or TMEM, which is depicted within the box in this illustration (Photo courtesy of Albert Einstein College of Medicine of Yeshiva University).

Novel Immunoassay Predicts Risk of Breast Cancer Metastasis

A novel diagnostic test that identifies sites where breast tumors are able to metastasize was used to predict risk of distant metastasis in ER+/HER2− breast cancer independently of IHC4 score and classical pathologic features.   More...
16 Jun 2014
Image: Rapid fiber-optic confocal Raman spectroscopy system developed for real-time in vivo epithelial tissue diagnosis and characterization during endoscopy (Photo courtesy of Prof. Zhiwei Huang, the National University of Singapore, and the journal Gastroenterology).

Pioneering System Diagnoses Cancerous Tissue During Endoscopy

A biomedical engineering team has developed a first of its kind in vivo molecular diagnostic system that makes highly objective, real-time cancer diagnosis during endoscopic examination a reality.  More...
16 Jun 2014
Image: Histopathology of a colon with adenocarcinoma showing chaotic appearance of glandular pattern (Photo courtesy of Johns Hopkins University).

DNA Blood Test Evaluated for Colorectal Cancer Detection

Tumor-derived aberrant DNA can be detectable in blood and blood tests have the potential to improve screening for colorectal cancer.  More...
11 Jun 2014
Image: Histopathology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) showing hyperplasia of mucous glands and infiltration of the airway wall with inflammatory cells (Photo courtesy of Dr. Paul Kleinschmidt MD).

Breath Test Distinguishes Lung Cancer from Other Pulmonary Diseases

A test of organic compounds in exhaled breath can distinguish patients with lung cancer from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and can also define the stage of any cancer present.  More...
11 Jun 2014
Image: ConfirmMDx detects an epigenetic field effect or “halo” associated with the cancerization process at the DNA level in cells adjacent to cancer foci. This epigenetic “halo” around a cancer lesion can be present despite having a normal appearance under the microscope (Photo courtesy of MDxHealth).

DNA Hypermethylation Assay Confirms Negative Prostate Cancer Biopsy Results

A commercially available assay that measures the level of hypermethylated DNA in tissue samples was found to accurately identify negative-for-cancer prostate tissues in more than 88% of cases.  More...
10 Jun 2014
Image: The HumanHT-12 v4 BeadChip Kit uses the DirectHyb Assay and is compatible with the iScan, HiScan, and Bead Array Reader systems (Photo courtesy of Illumina).

Microarray Analysis of Gene Expression Signatures in Blood Samples Provides Biomarker for Higher Cardiovascular Death Risk

Differences in gene expression have been found among a population of coronary artery disease patients that seemed to indicate which of them were at higher risk of dying from the illness.  More...
09 Jun 2014
Image: The anaerobic bacteria Leptotrichia species, Gram-stain from blood culture (Photo courtesy of Mike Dyall-Smith).

Oral Bacteria May Diagnose Pancreatic Cancer

Patients with pancreatic cancer have a different and distinct profile of specific bacteria in their saliva compared to healthy controls and even patients with other cancers or pancreatic diseases.   More...
04 Jun 2014
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The Pathology channel details advances in the field of Surgical Pathology and all its subspecialties, including Cytopathology and its subspecialties.
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