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Clinical Chemistry

Image: The ABX Pentra 400 is a compact clinical chemistry benchtop autoanalyzer (Photo courtesy of Horiba Medical).

Glycemic Markers Influenced by Chronic Kidney Disease

 Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is estimated to affect about 10% of the general adult population and is even more prevalent in diabetic patients. It is estimated that 20%–40% of individuals with diabetes have moderate to severe CKD, ranking diabetes as the leading cause of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) and an important risk factor for morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. More...
18 Feb 2020
Image: Serum from patients with or at increased risk for type 1 diabetes often possess antibodies that react with the cytoplasm of pancreatic islet cells, which is determined by indirect immunofluorescence testing of serum samples with blood group O human pancreas (Photo courtesy of American Diabetes Association).

Islet Autoantibody Screening Reveal Pediatric Type 1 Diabetes Risk

 Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disorder with complex polygenic susceptibility, usually associated with certain HLA alleles (IDDM1 locus). Progression to T1D is typically marked by the presence of islet-specific autoantibodies in the serum. In humans, autoantibodies are present months to years before disease onset. More...
17 Feb 2020
Image: Blood test for D-dimer showed high sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of ischemic stroke in patients with infective endocarditis (Photo courtesy of Blue Horizon).

D‐dimer Levels Predict Ischemic Stroke in Infective Endocarditis

 Infective endocarditis (IE) is a life‐threatening disease, especially in developing countries. IE may present many extra‐cardiac symptoms or signs, in which neurological complications are the most prominent and severe. More...
17 Feb 2020
Image: Detection and quantification of procalcitonin and C‐reactive protein using detection of inflammatory biomarkers imager (DENIS) (Photo courtesy of Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne).

Optical Biosensor Reduces Time for Sepsis Diagnosis

 New point‐of‐care diagnostic devices are urgently needed for rapid and accurate diagnosis, particularly in the management of life‐threatening infections and sepsis, where immediate treatment is key. More...
12 Feb 2020
Image: The DOAC dipstick is a diagnostic urine test strip, which is intended for qualitative detection of the absence or presence of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs: Dabigatran, Apixaban, Edoxaban and Rivaroxaban) in human urine by visual identification of colors (Photo courtesy of DOASENSE GmbH).

Direct Oral Anticoagulants Determined by RDT in Urine Samples

 The rapid determination of the presence of direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) in a patient remains a major challenge in emergency medicine and for rapid medical treatment decisions. All DOACs are excreted into urine. More...
10 Feb 2020
Image: Biomarkers, including interleukin-6, have been isolated that can identify delirium risk and severity (Photo courtesy of Blood Tests London).

Biomarkers Identified for Delirium Risk and Severity

 An estimated seven million hospitalized Americans suffer from the acute confusion and disorientation, characteristics of delirium, including a majority of patients in medical or surgical intensive care units (ICUs). More...
04 Feb 2020
Image: In the brain of mice with Alzheimer\'s, areas near amyloid plaques (A) appear with fewer neural networks (B), dying neurons (C) and higher OCIAD1 (D). In cultured neuronal cells, the OCIAD1 proteins (E) appear in the mitochondria (F) (Photo courtesy of Houston Methodist Research Institute).

Ovarian Cancer Protein Contributes to Alzheimer`s Disease Neurodegeneration

 Alzheimer's disease is a complex neurological disorder with pathological hallmarks of hyperamyloidosis (senile plaques), neurofibrillary tangles containing hyperphosphorylated tau, and extensive neurodegeneration in the brain. More...
30 Jan 2020
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The Clinical Chemistry channel updates the reader on tests, techniques, and research in the field - from routine assays to specialized tests on blood, urine, enzymes, lipids, hormones and more.